Diabetes Type 2 and Treatment

Diabetes type 2 is a condition where there is insulin resistance or relative insulin insufficiency and increased glucose level in blood. This is a disease that remains lifetime. Body is unable to utilize insulin or the amount of insulin is less to maintain function of bodies and eventually there is increase glucose level in blood. To compensate increased level of sugar, pancreas starts to secrete more and more insulin but a state comes when pancreas is unable to produce more insulin and hence there is complete insufficiency of insulin. The function of insulin is to allow glucose enter into cell for energy. Increased level of glucose or sugar can affect to eyes, vessels, nerves, heart and kidney in various form of diseases.
Type 2 diabetes has genetic link and inherits in families. Other risk factors for type 2 diabetes are following:
High blood pressure
High fat levels in blood and high fat diet intake
Sedentary life style (lack of physical activity)
Alcohol
Obesity
Age: risk of type 2 diabetes increases above 20 to 30 years of age
Sometimes patients suffering from type 2 diabetes have no symptom as the level of sugar rises slowly or others may have symptoms like loss of weight even when they are not trying to lose weight, increased thirst (polydypsia), increased urination (polyuria) feeling more hungry and getting tired more than normal and blurring of vision.
As patients have no symptoms in the beginning of the course of disease, they don’t try to prevent coming symptoms or don’t follow doctor’s advise to prevent complications. And hence, such patients come with major complications, that occurs usually on long standing increased level of sugar or disease, like coma, loss of vision, loss of sensation (usually of distal extremities), skin ulcers (diabetic foot), increased blood pressure, gangrene and kidney failure.
Usually, type 2 diabetes can be controlled by diet and exercise in the beginning. But later on it is treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs and when the level of sugar is unable to be controlled, insulin is started that is usually given life long.
When you or your children are known to be at risk, it is advised to consult the doctor to do regular check up for glucose level and level of HBA1c that shows state of glucose level in last three months. When these levels are in control, prognosis can be good and survival rate also increases.
Excellent controlled level of sugar is compulsory to prevent long term complications like loss of vision, kidney failure, amputation, etc.


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